GLOSSARY

Weight Self-Monitoring tracks body-weight observations under a plan that considers normal variation and psychological suitability.

Behavioral nutrition work links specific actions to barriers and supports in daily life. Self-monitoring, problem solving, achievable goals and supportive follow-up can make change more practical. Monitoring should be proportionate: detailed weighing or recording can be counterproductive for someone vulnerable to disordered eating. Motivational interviewing explores the person's own reasons and autonomy, while cognitive behavioral therapy addresses relevant patterns through a structured therapeutic process. These approaches should not be reduced to blame or generic encouragement.

Adherence concerns how closely an agreed plan is carried out over time. It is influenced by cost, work, family, symptoms, cooking skills and whether the plan is realistic. Difficulties are information for adjustment rather than proof of weak character. Agree on specific actions and review their feasibility. A modest, sustainable change can be more useful than an ambitious prescription that repeatedly prevents the athlete from eating enough or functioning comfortably in daily life.

Hunger, satiation and satiety are related but distinct: hunger motivates eating, satiation helps end a meal, and satiety restrains eating afterward. Stress, sleep, food reward, energy deficit and the eating environment can affect them. Feeling full does not prove that an athlete has met energy needs, particularly after hard exercise or with high-volume foods. Practical meal planning can therefore remain important even when appetite is temporarily low or food cues are unusually strong.

Weight management includes prevention of unwanted change, intentional change and maintenance. The appropriate goal follows health, function, training and the person's priorities rather than a scale target alone. Energy balance is dynamic, and the same intake change will not produce a fixed linear trajectory indefinitely. Use trends under comparable measurement conditions and assess well-being and performance. A plan should be revised when it produces persistent fatigue, deteriorating training or escalating preoccupation with food and weight.

For example, identify a concrete obstacle such as missed meals during work before setting a goal. A practical change might be preparing an accessible lunch rather than adding stricter rules. Review whether monitoring helps the person make decisions or increases distress, and adjust the method if recording every bite becomes counterproductive.

Disordered eating spans harmful patterns that may or may not meet criteria for a specific eating disorder. Eating disorders can occur at any body size and in any sex or sport. Restriction, recurrent bingeing, compensatory behaviors and marked distress deserve sensitive assessment; a scale reading alone cannot determine severity. Support should coordinate medical, nutrition and mental-health care when indicated. Avoid prescribing further restriction or praising rapid weight loss when the person's eating behavior or health is deteriorating.

Nutrition follow-up compares intended goals with actual intake, symptoms, function, relevant measurements and the person's experience. Specify the time frame and what would justify adjustment, continuation or referral. A treatment response can be beneficial, absent or adverse, and adherence alone does not prove effectiveness. Retain enough documentation to understand what changed. For an athlete, consider health and training quality alongside body mass or laboratory results so that apparent progress in one measure does not hide deterioration elsewhere.