GLOSSARY

Phosphorus-Modified Diet adjusts phosphorus intake according to the assessed clinical need and the relevant food sources.

A renal diet is individualized to kidney function, laboratory results, treatment, medication and nutritional status. Protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and fluid are separate decisions, not automatic restrictions for everyone. Excessive restriction can worsen dietary adequacy and muscle loss. Potassium-containing salt substitutes and some supplements need particular review. An athlete with kidney disease should receive coordinated clinical nutrition care rather than importing a high-protein or electrolyte-loading strategy from healthy training partners without assessment.

Protein targets depend on body size, training, energy intake, age and clinical status. A high-protein label does not identify the actual amount, amino-acid quality or distribution. During weight reduction, adequate protein and resistance exercise can help preserve lean tissue, but neither removes the consequences of an excessive energy deficit. Kidney disease can require a different clinical approach. Do not transfer a healthy athlete's protein strategy directly to a person with impaired renal function.

An adequate diet provides sufficient energy and essential nutrients while fitting health needs. A high score for variety or a healthy food label cannot independently demonstrate adequacy. Review what is actually eaten, including foods excluded and suitable replacements. Athletes can consume many vegetables yet still lack enough energy or carbohydrate for training. Assess the overall pattern, distribution and relevant nutrient risks rather than assuming that a single food or supplement makes the entire diet balanced.