GLOSSARY

Maternal Nutrition Nutrition supporting the mother's health through pregnancy, postpartum recovery or breastfeeding as applicable.

For example, coordinate feeding or expressing milk with training and provide convenient food afterward. If milk supply or infant growth is a concern, seek appropriate feeding assessment rather than simply forcing more water. Review maternal recovery and energy supply before introducing a weight-loss objective.

Lactation adds nutritional demands that depend on milk production, postpartum recovery and the mother's circumstances. Adequate energy, protein, varied food and access to fluids support care, but forcing excessive water does not reliably increase milk supply. Feeding effectiveness and infant growth also matter and may require lactation support. Exercise can usually be compatible with breastfeeding when appropriately resumed. For an athlete, coordinate training, feeding opportunities and recovery without assuming that rapid weight loss is a necessary or desirable sign of postpartum progress.

Pregnancy nutrition supports maternal health, fetal development and appropriate activity. Energy needs vary with gestational stage, prior status and exercise; the plan is not simply an unrestricted doubling of food. Folate, iron, iodine, choline and other nutrients deserve attention within an appropriate prenatal plan. Check the actual supplement composition and avoid stacking products. Coordinate exercise and nutrition with obstetric care, especially when symptoms or complications occur, rather than applying ordinary athlete weight-control goals during pregnancy.

An adequate diet provides sufficient energy and essential nutrients while fitting health needs. A high score for variety or a healthy food label cannot independently demonstrate adequacy. Review what is actually eaten, including foods excluded and suitable replacements. Athletes can consume many vegetables yet still lack enough energy or carbohydrate for training. Assess the overall pattern, distribution and relevant nutrient risks rather than assuming that a single food or supplement makes the entire diet balanced.

Food availability describes what is present, whereas accessibility includes whether a person can obtain and use it. Cost, transport, opening hours, kitchen facilities, disability and team arrangements can all affect intake. Food insecurity concerns unreliable access to sufficient suitable food and is not resolved by telling someone to make better choices. Ask respectfully about constraints and identify practical support. A technically ideal sports menu is ineffective if the athlete cannot afford, prepare, store or reach the foods at the required time.

Fluid planning should consider sweat losses, conditions, tolerance and opportunities to drink. Carbohydrate and fluid needs can differ, so a single beverage may not meet both without adjustment. Excessive drinking can also be harmful; more fluid is not always better. Sodium provision may be relevant in selected prolonged or high-loss situations, but it does not make unlimited drinking safe. Practice the combined food-and-fluid plan in training and evaluate actual intake and symptoms rather than relying only on a product label.

A nutrition care record should explain the assessment, interpretation, agreed plan, responsible professionals and follow-up criteria. Separate reported information from measured findings and clinical judgments. Record relevant units, dates, methods and changes so that another practitioner can understand the decision. Seek consent for sharing sensitive information and limit access appropriately. A referral should communicate the specific concern and urgency rather than only a broad label. In sport, documentation should support continuity of care while protecting health information from inappropriate use in coaching or selection.