GLOSSARY

Fluorosis is a consequence of inappropriate chronic exposure, with dental forms related to tooth development and skeletal forms to heavier exposure.

Dental fluorosis relates to excess exposure during tooth formation, not dental decay or every discoloration. Very high chronic exposure can affect the skeleton, while acute excessive ingestion is a separate problem. Amount, duration, age and route shape interpretation. Athletes can review water sources and oral care; more intake in pursuit of stronger bones or teeth does not provide unlimited benefit or justify unsupervised supplementation.

Fluoride supports resistance to dental caries, with an important topical action on teeth; low intake is not a classic essential-deficiency syndrome for athletic performance. Drinking water, some beverages and dental products involve different exposure routes. Toothpaste is not intended for swallowing or treated as eaten food. Oral-care decisions consider age, local water and dental assessment, not a presumed endurance-supplement requirement.

Essentiality does not make any amount harmless. Chemical form, dose, duration, kidney or liver function and medicines affect risk. High intake and established toxicity are not identical, but overlapping supplements should be identified before symptoms occur. A therapeutic dose for a defined condition is not a routine recommendation for every athlete, and a larger intake does not necessarily produce a better outcome.