GLOSSARY

Exercise-Associated Urgency is urgent defecation need around activity, not necessarily watery diarrhea, requiring pattern recording.

Long or intense exercise, particularly in heat, can reduce splanchnic perfusion and stress the gut. Mechanical motion, medicines and food also matter; microbes do not cause every symptom. Ischemia means inadequate perfusion for demand, not ordinary bloating. Severe pain or bleeding after exercise warrants assessment rather than continued training or adding gut supplements. Reducing exposure and identifying the cause are more useful than assigning all symptoms one microbial explanation.

Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein can indicate enterocyte injury in research, distinct from permeability or endotoxin-transfer measures. Concentration also depends on timing, assay and clearance. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is not endotoxin itself. Read transient exercise changes with symptoms and context rather than treating one value as an independent gut-injury diagnosis or supplement indication. Different marker names describe different processes and should not be substituted for one another.

Gut training gradually rehearses eating and drinking under exercise-like conditions to understand and sometimes improve tolerance and fuel delivery. Fewer symptoms do not prove a particular microbial or transporter change. Record amount, carbohydrate type and fluid together. Severe pain is not an adaptation target. Plans should be individualized and tolerable rather than first tried on race day or forced through symptoms to meet a theoretical intake number.