GLOSSARY

Enzyme Inhibitor reduces enzyme activity under specified conditions.

In simple reversible models, competitive inhibition raises apparent Km while preserving Vmax; pure noncompetitive inhibition lowers Vmax without changing Km. Uncompetitive inhibition lowers both, while mixed inhibition lowers Vmax and can shift Km in either direction. These are assumption-dependent patterns, not synonyms for any allosteric binding. Real data require testing, and an inhibitor's binding location alone cannot assign its complete kinetic category.

An inhibitor may act reversibly or persistently; a short-term activity decrease does not establish irreversibility. Product inhibition, excess-substrate inhibition and pathway end-product feedback are distinct. A test-tube effective concentration is not necessarily achievable in human tissue by eating a substance. Detecting inhibition therefore does not automatically justify a dietary recommendation or avoidance, nor demonstrate sports benefit or harm without exposure and outcome evidence.

Allosteric regulation changes activity through communication between regulatory binding and functional regions; it can activate or inhibit. Feedback carries downstream-product or state information upstream, whereas feedforward conveys input or upstream information onward. Both can operate in one network. Regulation coordinates supply and use rather than keeping every enzyme maximally active, so more activation is not automatically a better nutritional or training outcome.