Glucosuria
Urinary System (Kidneys and Urine Formation)
Glucosuria is the presence of glucose in the urine. Normally, almost all filtered glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule by SGLT2 and SGLT1 transporters, and urine contains no glucose.
Mechanism
When blood glucose exceeds about 180 mg/dL (the renal threshold), the transporters’ capacity (transport maximum) is saturated and the excess glucose is excreted in urine. Glucose in urine causes osmotic diuresis, leading to frequent urination and thirst.
Causes
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